WW2 Air Raid Warden, ARP & Civil Defence Rank Badges
Rank insignia for Air Raid Wardens and later Civil Defence Services developed in two distinct phases during the second world war. Within the Air Raid Precautions (ARP) Wardens' Service initial red bar and diamond insignia was replaced in September 1941 with yellow badges of rank for both senior and junior supervisory roles. The use of the yellow chevrons and helmet markings was also used across other CD services such as the Rescue Parties, First Aid Parties and Decontamination Squads (though helmets for the anti-gas parties were specifically coloured yellow to make them easily identifiable at incidents).
Chart of the main ARP & Civil Defence rank insignia used in the second world war
WW2 ARP & Civil Defence Warden Rank Insignia.
Note: the above helmet markings were not always followed to the letter. Period film and photographs show some wardens wearing various helmet markings, for example, a Divisional Warden in London with two black stripes or a white helmet with a single stripe plus 'SDW' (for Sub-Divisional Warden). Although the use of diamonds on helmets was phased out there is documentary film evidence of them still be used in 1942 and possibly later.
There is photographic evidence of a single narrow yellow bar being worn. This rank was issued by Regional Commissioners.
There is photographic evidence of a single narrow yellow bar being worn. This rank was issued by Regional Commissioners.
Location of insignia on battledress (1941-1945)
Location of Civil Defence insignia on battledress (1941-1945)
ARP Warden Red Bar & Diamond Rank Insignia - Up To 1941
Up to the introduction of the old gold insignia in 1941, wardens wore red bar and diamond insignia on their lower sleeve. Bars were 3" long by ½" inch wide and worn a ¼" apart; the diamonds had sides of ½" and were placed a ¼" above the top bar. Insignia was worn on both sleeves with the lowest bar 4" from the cuff. Printed and red braid versions are known to exist.
Yellow Civil Defence Rank Insignia ‒ 1941-45
Two distinct variations of insignia for senior and junior ranks were created with the introduction of the Civil Defence Service in 1941. For senior ranks there was the thick and narrow bars worn on the upper sleeve. For junior ranks, chevrons in yellow were worn in the similar place to other ranking systems in the army.
Both senior and junior ranks could become an Incident Officer. The incident officer wore a special IO badge on the lower left sleeve. They also wore a special blue covering on their helmet to make them stand out at air raid incidents. Incident Officers could be from any rank.
Both senior and junior ranks could become an Incident Officer. The incident officer wore a special IO badge on the lower left sleeve. They also wore a special blue covering on their helmet to make them stand out at air raid incidents. Incident Officers could be from any rank.
WW2 ARP Civil Defence Senior Rank Badge Sleeve Insignia
Rank insignia was yellow on blue sized at 2½ inches wide by ¼ inch for the narrow bars and ¾ inch for the broad bars. Senior rank badges were worn with the top bar 1 inch below the shoulder title and were either printed or embroidered.
Controller - two narrow bars over single broad bar. Helmet - white with two black bars and word Control or Controller.
Chief Warden - narrow bar over broad bar. Helmet - white with black W and two black stripes.
Medical Officer of Health - same insignia as Chief Warden but shoulder title was 'MOH' and helmet with MO (and MOH) and two black bars.
Deputy Chief Warden (District) - a single broad bar. Helmet - white with black W and a double black stripe.
Divisional Warden (junior supervisory rank) - three narrow. Helmet - white with black W and one stripe (plus D.W. also used) .
Officer - two narrow. Helmet - white with black W.
Controller - two narrow bars over single broad bar. Helmet - white with two black bars and word Control or Controller.
Chief Warden - narrow bar over broad bar. Helmet - white with black W and two black stripes.
Medical Officer of Health - same insignia as Chief Warden but shoulder title was 'MOH' and helmet with MO (and MOH) and two black bars.
Deputy Chief Warden (District) - a single broad bar. Helmet - white with black W and a double black stripe.
Divisional Warden (junior supervisory rank) - three narrow. Helmet - white with black W and one stripe (plus D.W. also used) .
Officer - two narrow. Helmet - white with black W.
WW2 Civil Defence Junior Rank Badge Insignia
Junior rank insignia within the CD services were yellow stripes of one, two and three chevrons. The chevrons were either printed or embroidered.
Head Warden or Post Warden in London - three chevrons (sometimes with a six-pointed star above the chevrons). Helmet - white with black W (some with single black stripe), though P.W. was used also.
Senior Warden (Officer-in-Charge) - one (rarely seen but used in some areas; some local authorities issued a single chevron to members who had performed two years' service) or two chevrons. Helmet - black with white W.
Head Warden or Post Warden in London - three chevrons (sometimes with a six-pointed star above the chevrons). Helmet - white with black W (some with single black stripe), though P.W. was used also.
Senior Warden (Officer-in-Charge) - one (rarely seen but used in some areas; some local authorities issued a single chevron to members who had performed two years' service) or two chevrons. Helmet - black with white W.
Chevron rank badges were worn as follows:
1 chevron - lower point 9 inches below shoulder seam (note not shoulder title)
2 chevrons - lower point 9½ inches below shoulder seam
3 chevrons (with or without star) - lower point 10½ inches below shoulder seam
1 chevron - lower point 9 inches below shoulder seam (note not shoulder title)
2 chevrons - lower point 9½ inches below shoulder seam
3 chevrons (with or without star) - lower point 10½ inches below shoulder seam
Use Of Insignia Across Other Civil Defence Services From August 1942
The 'old gold' insignia was adopted across all Civil Defence Services from August 1942. The following table illustrates a general overview of how each rank was used. There were many local variations to this.
Civil Defence Service Ranks From August 1942
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Post-War Insignia Of The Civil Defence Corps
A lot of insignia exists that was introduced by the Civil Defence Corps from 1949. Although they adopted many of the ranks as the wartime Civil Defence Service, there were subtle differences in the size and material used for chevrons - they became much thinner and stars were five-pointed from 1949 rather than six-pointed.
For post-war Civil Defence Corps ranks see this Wikipedia article.
For post-war Civil Defence Corps ranks see this Wikipedia article.